SKETCHY USMLE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TOPICS 2024
1. Cardiac (14)
Chapter 1 – Ischemic Heart Disease (3)
1. Myocardial Response To Ischemia
2. Stable Angina, Vasospastic Angina, & Acute Coronary Syndromes (UA, NSTEMI, STEMI)
3. Acute Myocardial Infarction & Post-MI Timeline
Chapter 2 – Heart Failure (2)
1. Congestive Heart Failure – Pathophysiology
2. Congestive Heart Failure – Clinical Manifestations
Chapter 3 – Myocardial & Pericardial Disorders (4)
1. Dilated and Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
2. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
3. Myocarditis
4. Pericarditis & Constrictive Pericarditis
Chapter 4 – Valvular Disorders (3)
1. Mitral Stenosis, Acute Rheumatic Fever & Rheumatic Heart Disease
2. Mitral Valve Regurgitation and Prolapse
3. Aortic Stenosis and Regurgitation
Chapter 5 – Congenital Heart Disease (2)
1. Left-to-Right Shunts
2. Right-to-Left Shunts
2. Vascular (7)
Chapter 1 – Atherosclerosis (2)
1. Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology
2. Peripheral Artery Disease
Chapter 2 – Hypertension (3)
1. Hypertension
2. Aortic Aneurysm
3. Aortic Dissection
Chapter 3 – Vasculitides (2)
1. Large & Medium Vessel Vasculitides
2. Small Vessel Vasculitides
3. Pulmonary (10)
Chapter 1 – Obstructive Lung Disease (2)
1. COPD & Emphysema
2. Asthma & Bronchiectasis
Chapter 2 – Restrictive Lung Disease (4)
1. Restrictive Lung Disease
2. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
3. Pneumoconioses
4. Sarcoidosis & Berylliosis
Chapter 3 – Acute Lung Disease (3)
1. Pneumothorax
2. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
3. Deep Vein Thrombosis & Pulmonary Embolism
Chapter 4 – Lung Cancer (1)
4. Lung Carcinoma
4. Renal (10)
Chapter 1 – Acute Kidney Injury (3)
1. Renal Function Tests & Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
2. Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
3. Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
Chapter 2 – Glomerulopathy (2)
1. Nephrotic Syndrome
2. Nephritic Syndrome
Chapter 3 – Congenital & Chronic Kidney Disease (2)
1. Congenital & Cystic Kidney Disease
2. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Chapter 4 – Urinary Tract Obstruction (3)
1. Hydronephrosis & Urinary Tract Obstruction
2. Calcium Oxalate Stones & Calcium Phosphate Stones
3. Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate (MAP) Stones, Uric Acid Stones, & Cystine Stones
Chapter 5 – Renal Cancer (1)
1. Renal Cell Carcinoma & Nephroblastoma
Chapter 6 – Volume, Electrolyte & Acid/Base Disorders (5)
1. Osmolality & Sodium Disorders
2. Potassium Disorders
3. Calcium Disorders
4. Acid-base Disorders
5. Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
5. GI (12)
Chapter 1 – Esophageal & Gastric Disorders (4)
1. Structural Esophageal Disorders & GERD
2. Esophageal Dysmotility & Cancer
3. Acute and Chronic Gastritis & Peptic Ulcer Disease
4. Gastric Dysmotility & Cancer
Chapter 2 – Small Bowel Disorders (4)
1. Small Bowel Obstruction, Ileus & Hernias
2. Carcinoid Tumor & Small Bowel Neoplasms
3. Intestinal Ischemia & Angiodysplasia
4. Congenital GI Disorders
Chapter 3 – Colorectal & Anal Disorders (4)
1. Large Bowel & Appendiceal Disorders
2. Crohn’s Disease & Ulcerative Colitis
3. Colorectal Polyps & Cancer
4. Anorectal Disorders
6. Hepatobiliary (10)
Chapter 1 – Gallbladder & Biliary Tract Disease (4)
1. Lab Evaluation of Liver Injury & Hyperbilirubinemia
2. Gallbladder & Biliary Tract Disease
3. Primary Biliary Cholangitis & Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
4. Biliary Cysts & Cholangiocarcinoma
Chapter 2 – Liver Disease (4)
1. Cirrhosis – Pathogenesis & Clinical Manifestations
2. Hereditary Hemochromatosis & Wilson’s Disease
3. Alcoholic and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
4. Liver Tumors & Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Chapter 3 – Pancreatic Disease (2)
1. Acute & Chronic Pancreatitis
2. Pancreatic Cancer & Islet Cell Tumors
7. Endocrine (18)
Chapter 1 – Hypothalamic & Pituitary Disorders (4)
1. Hypothalamic & Pituitary Dysfunction – Etiologies
2. Hypothalamic & Pituitary Dysfunction – Clinical Manifestations
3. Hyperpituitarism
4. Diabetes Insipidus & SIADH
Chapter 2 – Adrenal Disorders (5)
1. Adrenal Insufficiency
2. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
3. Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Hyperaldosteronism & Hypercortisolism
4. Cushing’s Syndrome
5. Pheochromocytoma & Neuroblastoma
Chapter 3 – Diabetes (3)
1. Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis & Acute Clinical Manifestations
2. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) & Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)
3. Diabetes Mellitus Chronic Complications
Chapter 4 – Thyroid & Parathyroid (6)
1. Hypothyroidism Overview & Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
2. Hypothyroidism Other Causes
3. Hyperthyroidism Overview & Graves’ Disease
4. Thyroid Nodules & Cancer
5. Parathyroid Gland Disorders
6. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)
8. Reproductive & GU (15)
Chapter 1 – Uterine & Vulvovaginal Disorders (3)
1. Structural Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding & Endometriosis
2. Cervical Neoplasia
3. Vulvar & Vaginal Lesions
Chapter 2 – Reproductive Hormones & Ovarian Disorders (4)
1. Reproductive Hormones Overview & Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
2. Amenorrhea
3. Ovarian Cysts & Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
4. Ovarian Neoplasms (Germ Cell & Sex Chord-Stromal Tumors)
Chapter 3 – Gestational Disorders (3)
1. Hydatidiform Mole & Choriocarcinoma
2. Gestational Disorders
3. Polyhydramnios & Oligohydramnios
Chapter 4 – Breast (2)
1. Benign Breast Disorders
2. Breast Cancer
Chapter 5 – Male GU (3)
1. Testicular Disorders & Cancer
2. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) & Prostate Cancer
3. Bladder Cancer & Penile Disorders
9. Blood & Coagulation (12)
Chapter 1 – Microcytic Anemias (2)
1. Microcytic Anemia Overview & Thalassemias
2. Microcytic Anemia Iron deficiency Anemia & Anemia of Chronic Disease
Chapter 2 – Normocytic & Macrocytic Anemias (5)
1. Extravascular Hemolysis Overview & RBC Membrane Defects
2. Intravascular Hemolysis Overview & Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
3. G6PD Deficiency & Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
4. Sickle Cell Disease
5. Megaloblastic Anemia Folate Deficiency & Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Chapter 3 – Coagulopathies & Platelet (5)
1. Quantitative Platelet Disorders
2. Qualitative Platelet Disorders
3. Inherited Coagulation Defects
4. Acquired Coagulation Defects
5. Acquired & Inherited Thrombosis Syndromes
10. Myeloid & Lymphoid (7)
Chapter 1 – Myeloid Disorders (3)
1. Myeloproliferative Neoplasms & Myelodysplastic Syndromes
2. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) & Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
3. Polycythemia
Chapter 2 – Lymphoid & Plasma Cell Disorders (4)
1. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Hairy Cell Leukemia & Adult T-cell Leukemia
2. Hodgkin lymphoma
3. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
4. Plasma Cell Neoplasms
11. Immunology (8)
Chapter 1 – Autoimmune & Amyloidosis (4)
1. Autoimmune Disease Overview & Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
2. Sjogren’s Syndrome, Systemic Sclerosis & Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
3. Polymyositis & Dermatomyositis
4. Amyloidosis
Chapter 2 – Immunodeficiency (4)
1. Bruton Agammaglobulinemia, IgA Deficiency, CVID & DiGeorge Syndrome
2. Combined B & T-Cell Disorders
3. Complement System Disorders
4. Phagocytic Cell Disorders
12. Musculoskeletal & Derm (13)
Chapter 1 – Bone (5)
1. Osteoporosis & Paget Disease of Bone
2. Osteomalacia & Rickets
3. Benign Bone Tumors
4. Malignant Bone Tumors
5. Congenital Bone Disorders – Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Achondroplasia & Osteopetrosis
Chapter 2 – Joint (3)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Rheumatoid Arthritis
3. Gout & Pseudogout
Chapter 3 – Muscle (2)
1. Muscular Dystrophies
2. Myasthenia Gravis & Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
Chapter 4 – Dermatology (2)
1. Actinic Keratosis, Squamous Cell Carcinoma & Basal Cell Carcinoma
2. Malignant Melanoma
Chapter 5 – Retired Lessons (1)
1. Osteoporosis & Paget Disease of Bone [Old Version]
13. Neurology (14)
Chapter 1 – Cerebrovascular (2)
1. Epidural Hematoma, Subdural Hematoma, & Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
2. Ischemic Stroke & Hemorrhagic Stroke
Chapter 2 – Intracranial Hypertension and Tumors (4)
1. Intracranial Hypertension
2. Hydrocephalus
3. Adult CNS Tumors
4. Pediatric CNS Tumors
Chapter 3 – Spinal Cord & Peripheral Nerve (3)
1. Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) & Friedreich Ataxia
2. Multiple Sclerosis
3. Guillain-Barré & Charcot-Marie-Tooth
Chapter 4 – Congenital & Neurocutaneous (3)
1. Neural Tube Defects, Holoprosencephaly, Chiari Malformation & Syringomyelia
2. Sturge-Weber & Tuberous Sclerosis
3. Neurofibromatosis
Chapter 5 – Neurodegenerative (2)
1. Alzheimer’s Disease & Dementia
2. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Parkinson’s Disease & Huntington’s Disease
